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  1.  
  2. HIER(7)                      UNIX Reference Manual                     HIER(7)
  3.  
  4. NNAAMMEE
  5.      hhiieerr - layout of filesystems
  6.  
  7. DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
  8.      A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy.
  9.  
  10.      /        root directory of the filesystem
  11.  
  12.      /bin/    user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user
  13.               environments
  14.  
  15.      /dev/    block and character device files
  16.  
  17.               MAKEDEV  script for creating device files; see makedev(8)
  18.               fd/      file descriptor files; see fd(4)
  19.  
  20.      /etc/    system configuration files and scripts
  21.  
  22.               localtime    local timezone information; see ctime(3)
  23.               disklabels/  backup disklabels; see disklabel(8)
  24.               kerberosIV/  configuration files for the kerberos version IV;
  25.                            see kerberos(1)
  26.               mtree/       mtree configuration files; see mtree(1)
  27.               namedb/      named configuration files; see named(8)
  28.               uucp/        UUCP configuration files;
  29.  
  30.      /mnt/    empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a tem-
  31.               porary mount point
  32.  
  33.      /netbsd  pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
  34.               at boot time).
  35.  
  36.      /sbin/   system programs and administration utilities fundamental to both
  37.               single-user and multi-user environments
  38.  
  39.      /stand/  programs used in a standalone environment
  40.  
  41.      /tmp/    temporary files, usually a mfs(8) memory-based filesystem (the
  42.               contents of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system re-
  43.               boot)
  44.  
  45.      /usr/    contains the majority of user utilities and applications
  46.  
  47.               bin/      common utilities, programming tools, and applications
  48.               contrib/  large packages contributed to Berkeley by outside par-
  49.                         ties
  50.               games/    useful and semi-frivolous programs
  51.               include/  standard C include files
  52.  
  53.                         X11/         C include files for X11 window system
  54.                         arpa/        C include files for Internet service pro-
  55.                                      tocols
  56.                         kerberosIV/  C include files for kerberos authentica-
  57.                                      tion package; see kerberos(1)
  58.                         machine/     machine specific C include files
  59.                         net/         misc network C include files
  60.                         netimp/      C include files for IMP protocols; see
  61.                                      imp(4)
  62.                         netinet/     C include files for Internet standard
  63.                                      protocols; see inet(4)
  64.                         netiso/      C include files for ISO standard proto-
  65.  
  66.                                      cols; see iso(4)
  67.                         netns/       C include files for XNS standard proto-
  68.                                      cols; see ns(4)
  69.                         nfs/         C include files for NFS (Network File
  70.                                      System)
  71.                         pascal/      include files for pc 1
  72.                         protocols/   C include files for Berkeley service pro-
  73.                                      tocols
  74.                         sys/         system C include files (kernel data
  75.                                      structures)
  76.                         ufs/         C include files for UFS (The U-word File
  77.                                      System)
  78.  
  79.               lib/      archive libraries
  80.               libdata/  misc. utility data files
  81.               libexec/  system daemons & system utilities (executed by other
  82.                         programs)
  83.               local/    local executables, libraries, etc.
  84.               obj/      architecture-specific target tree produced by building
  85.                         the /usr/src tree
  86.               old/      programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in
  87.                         future releases
  88.               sbin/     system daemons & system utilities (executed by users)
  89.               share/    architecture-independent data files
  90.  
  91.                         calendar/  a variety of pre-fab calendar files; see
  92.                                    calendar(1)
  93.                         dict/      word lists; see look(1)
  94.  
  95.                                    words       common words
  96.                                    web2        words from Webster's 2nd Inter-
  97.                                                national
  98.                                    papers/     reference databases; see re-
  99.                                                fer(1)
  100.                                    special/    custom word lists; see spell(1)
  101.  
  102.                         doc/       misc documentation; src for most of the
  103.                                    printed 4.3BSD manuals (available from the
  104.                                    USENIX association)
  105.                         games/     ascii text files used by various games
  106.                         man/       manual pages
  107.                         me/        macros for use with the me macro package
  108.                         misc/      misc system-wide ascii text files
  109.                                    termcap     terminal characteristics
  110.                                                database; see termcap(5)
  111.                         mk/        templates for make; see make(1)
  112.                         ms/        macros for use with the ms macro package
  113.                         skel/      example . (dot) files for new accounts
  114.                         tabset/    tab description files for a variety of ter-
  115.                                    minals; used in the termcap file; see term-
  116.                                    cap(5)
  117.                         tmac/      text processing macros; see nroff(1) and
  118.                                    troff(1)
  119.                         zoneinfo/  timezone configuration information; see tz-
  120.                                    file(5)
  121.  
  122.               src/      BSD and/or local source files
  123.  
  124.                         bin/         src for files in /bin
  125.                         contrib/     src for files in /usr/contrib
  126.                         etc/         src for files in /etc
  127.                         games/       src for files in /usr/games
  128.                         include/     src for files in /usr/include
  129.                         kerberosIV/  src for kerberos version IV
  130.  
  131.  
  132.                         lib/         src for files in /usr/lib
  133.                         libexec/     src for files in /usr/libexec
  134.                         local/       src for files in /usr/local
  135.                         old/         src for files in /usr/old
  136.                         pgrm/        src for programming tools in /usr/bin
  137.                         sbin/        src for files in /sbin
  138.                         share/       src for files in /usr/share
  139.                         sys/         kernel src files
  140.                         usr.bin/     src for files in /usr/bin
  141.                         usr.sbin/    src for files in /usr/sbin
  142.  
  143.      /var/    multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
  144.  
  145.               account/   system accounting files
  146.  
  147.                          acct        execution accounting file; see acct(5)
  148.  
  149.               at/        timed command scheduling files; see at(1)
  150.               backups/   misc. backup files
  151.               db/        misc. automatically generated system-specific
  152.                          database files
  153.               games/     misc. game status and log files
  154.               log/       misc. system log files
  155.  
  156.                          wtmp        login/logout log; see wtmp(5)
  157.  
  158.               mail/      user mailbox files
  159.               preserve/  temporary home of files preserved after an accidental
  160.                          death of an editor; see ex(1)
  161.               quotas/    filesystem quota information files
  162.               run/       system information files describing various info
  163.                          about system since it was booted
  164.  
  165.                          utmp        database of current users; see utmp(5)
  166.  
  167.               rwho/      rwho data files; see rwhod(8),  rwho(1),  and rup-
  168.                          time(1)
  169.               spool/     misc. printer and mail system spooling directories
  170.  
  171.                          ftp/        commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root di-
  172.                                      rectory
  173.                          mqueue/     undelivered mail queue; see sendmail(8)
  174.                          output/     line printer spooling directories
  175.                          secretmail/
  176.                                      secretmail spool directory; see xget(1)
  177.                          uucp/       uucp spool directory
  178.                          uucppublic/
  179.                                      commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary di-
  180.                                      rectory
  181.  
  182.               tmp/       temporary files that are kept between system reboots
  183.  
  184. SSEEEE AALLSSOO
  185.      ls(1),  apropos(1),  whatis(1),  whereis(1),  finger(1),  which(1),
  186.      find(1),  grep(1),  fsck(8)
  187.  
  188. HHIISSTTOORRYY
  189.      A hhiieerr manual page appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
  190.  
  191. BSD Experimental                 June 5, 1993                                3
  192.